GELE Cadastral Surveys & Land Laws — Cadastral and Isolated SurveysConcept Map

Concept

Types of Land Surveys

Sub Concepts

• Cadastral Survey (systematic, all parcels)
• Isolated Survey (individual parcel)
• Public Land Survey
• Mineral Survey
• Special/Relocation Survey

Relationship To Central

Foundational classification determining survey scope and methodology

Concept

Cadastral Survey Framework

Sub Concepts

• Lot numbering system
• Cadastral block/case identification
• Bearing and distance description
• PRS92 datum reference
• DENR-LMB approval workflow

Relationship To Central

Systematic municipal/city-wide boundary establishment process

Concept

Isolated Survey Operations

Sub Concepts

• Individual parcel selection
• Geodetic control connection
• Boundary verification
• Tied coordinates establishment
• Land registration support

Relationship To Central

Single-parcel survey methodology for specific purposes

Concept

Monumentation and Control Ties

Sub Concepts

• Monument types (concrete, BL, BLLM markers)
• Tie line definition and purpose
• BLLM (Bureau of Lands Location Monument)
• Absolute coordinate establishment
• Long-term boundary recovery

Relationship To Central

Physical and spatial anchoring of parcel boundaries to absolute reference system

Concept

Parcel Identification System

Sub Concepts

• Lot number assignment
• Cadastral block designation
• Cadastral case reference
• Technical description (bearings, distances)
• Corner monumentation

Relationship To Central

Systematic naming and location convention for cadastral records

Concept

Geodetic Reference Framework

Sub Concepts

• PRS92 (Philippine Reference System 1992)
• WGS84 relationship
• PPCS/UTM grid system
• Control point hierarchy
• Absolute positioning

Relationship To Central

Datum and coordinate system standards ensuring consistency and accuracy

Concept

Institutional and Legal Framework

Sub Concepts

• DENR-LMB authority
• RA 4374 (Land Registration Act)
• RA 8560 (Amendments to Land Registration)
• PD 1529 (Property Registration Decree)
• CA 141 (Public Land Act)
• Torrens registration system

Relationship To Central

Regulatory and administrative requirements governing survey execution

Concept

Cadastral Data Output and Use

Sub Concepts

• Cadastral maps
• Lot data sheets
• Technical descriptions
• Coordinate records
• Torrens registration support

Relationship To Central

Products and applications derived from survey work

To

Isolated Survey

From

Cadastral Survey

Strength

strong

Relationship

Cadastral survey covers all parcels in an area; isolated survey covers single parcel, both reference cadastral framework

To

Cadastral Data Output

From

Parcel Identification System

Strength

strong

Relationship

Lot/block/case numbers directly populate cadastral maps and data sheets

To

Tie Line

From

Monumentation

Strength

strong

Relationship

Monumentation marks corner location; tie line connects monument to BLLM for absolute positioning

To

Absolute Coordinates

From

PRS92 Datum

Strength

strong

Relationship

PRS92 is the reference system within which all parcel coordinates are computed and referenced

To

Cadastral Survey

From

DENR-LMB

Strength

strong

Relationship

DENR-LMB has authority to approve and oversee all cadastral and isolated surveys

To

Torrens Registration

From

Cadastral Data Output

Strength

strong

Relationship

Cadastral maps and lot data directly feed the Torrens land registration system

To

DENR-LMB

From

Land Laws

Strength

strong

Relationship

RA 4374, RA 8560, PD 1529, CA 141 establish legal framework governing DENR-LMB authority

To

Technical Description

From

Bearing and Distance

Strength

strong

Relationship

Measured bearings and distances form the core of parcel boundary technical descriptions

To

Isolated Survey

From

BLLM Monument

Strength

strong

Relationship

Isolated surveys must tie to nearest BLLM to establish absolute coordinates

To

Monumentation System

From

Geodetic Control

Strength

strong

Relationship

Geodetic control points like BLLM serve as reference monuments for parcel corner ties

To

Cadastral Case

From

Cadastral Block

Strength

moderate

Relationship

Cadastral blocks are subdivisions within a cadastral case

To

Boundary Relocation

From

Monument Recovery

Strength

moderate

Relationship

Monumentation and absolute coordinates enable accurate boundary recovery and relocation

To

WGS84

From

PRS92

Strength

moderate

Relationship

PRS92 is derived from WGS84 with Philippine-specific adjustments

To

Absolute Coordinates

From

PPCS UTM

Strength

moderate

Relationship

PPCS/UTM grid system provides planar projection of PRS92 coordinates

To

Boundary Verification

From

Isolated Survey

Strength

moderate

Relationship

Isolated surveys often verify and relocate existing parcel boundaries for retitling or fencing

To

Lot Data Sheet

From

Cadastral Map

Strength

moderate

Relationship

Cadastral maps and lot data sheets work together as complementary cadastral outputs

To

Absolute Positioning

From

Tie Line

Strength

strong

Relationship

Tie lines establish spatial linkage to absolute reference system via BLLM

To

Monument Types

From

Control Hierarchy

Strength

weak

Relationship

Different monument types mark different levels within the geodetic control hierarchy