BFP Entrance Exam Analytical Ability — Figures of Speech (Tayutay)Concept Map
Concept maps are proven memory anchors for high-volume exams like BFP Entrance Exam. This page maps out the key ideas of Figures of Speech (Tayutay), the sub-topics that appear on BFP Entrance Exam Analytical Ability papers, and the connections Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) frequently tests in mixed-concept questions.
Exam context
On the BFP Entrance Exam 2026, the Analytical Ability subtest carries a "Core" weight in Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP)'s pattern. Figures of Speech (Tayutay) lands at position 2nd out of 7 in the standard review order. Target score is BFP-set percentile (typically 70%+), and roughly a meaningful share of items come from Analytical Ability on a typical BFP Entrance Exam paper.
Figures of Speech (Tayutay) - Concept map
Central Concept
Figures of Speech (Tayutay) - literary devices that create meaning beyond literal interpretation through comparison, exaggeration, personification, and other rhetorical techniques
Related Concepts
Concept
Comparison-Based Figures
Sub Concepts
- Simile (Pagtutulad)
- Metaphor (Metafora)
- Synecdoche (Pagpapalit-saklaw)
- Metonymy
Relationship To Central
Primary category using direct or indirect comparison techniques
Concept
Exaggeration-Based Figures
Sub Concepts
- Hyperbole (Pagmamalabis)
- Oxymoron
- Paradox
Relationship To Central
Category emphasizing through overstatement or understatement
Concept
Humanization Figures
Sub Concepts
- Personification (Padiwantao)
- Apostrophe (Panawagan)
Relationship To Central
Category giving human qualities to non-human elements
Concept
Sound-Based Figures
Sub Concepts
- Onomatopoeia
Relationship To Central
Category focusing on auditory effects and word sounds
Concept
Substitution-Based Figures
Sub Concepts
- Euphemism
- Irony (Balintunay)
- Vision (Pangitain)
Relationship To Central
Category replacing direct terms with indirect or softer alternatives
Concept Connections
To
Metaphor (Metafora)
From
Simile (Pagtutulad)
Strength
strong
Relationship
Both use comparison but simile is indirect with comparison words while metaphor is direct
To
Apostrophe (Panawagan)
From
Personification (Padiwantao)
Strength
moderate
Relationship
Both give human characteristics but apostrophe specifically addresses the subject directly
To
Irony (Balintunay)
From
Hyperbole (Pagmamalabis)
Strength
moderate
Relationship
Both create emphasis through deviation from literal meaning but use opposite techniques
To
Metonymy
From
Synecdoche (Pagpapalit-saklaw)
Strength
strong
Relationship
Both substitute terms but synecdoche uses part-whole relationships while metonymy uses association
To
Irony (Balintunay)
From
Euphemism
Strength
weak
Relationship
Both substitute the intended meaning but euphemism softens while irony reverses
To
Paradox
From
Oxymoron
Strength
strong
Relationship
Both use contradictory elements but oxymoron combines opposing words while paradox presents contradictory ideas
To
Personification (Padiwantao)
From
Vision (Pangitain)
Strength
moderate
Relationship
Both create vivid imagery by bringing abstract or inanimate concepts to life
To
All other figures
From
Onomatopoeia
Strength
weak
Relationship
Unique focus on sound representation while others focus on meaning and imagery
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