NLE Foundations of Psychiatric & Mental Health Nursing — Foundations of Mental Health & Psychiatric NursingConcept Map

Concept

Mental Health & Mental Illness

Sub Concepts

• Definition of mental health (WHO)
• Mental illness as disturbance in cognition/emotion/behaviour
• Continuum model
• Factors influencing mental health (biological, psychological, sociocultural)
• Philippine context - stigma and extended family support

Relationship To Central

Foundation - defines the continuum and characteristics of mental well-being

Concept

Personality & Development Theories

Sub Concepts

• Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory
• Erikson's Psychosocial Theory
• Sullivan's Interpersonal Theory
• Peplau's Nursing Application
• Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Relationship To Central

Theoretical foundation - explains how personality and behaviour develop

Concept

Defense Mechanisms

Sub Concepts

• Repression (cornerstone)
• Suppression (only conscious mechanism)
• Denial, Projection, Displacement
• Rationalization, Reaction formation
• Regression, Sublimation (most mature)
• Undoing, Compensation, Identification, Conversion

Relationship To Central

Psychological concepts - ego's unconscious strategies to manage anxiety

Concept

Mental Status Examination (MSE)

Sub Concepts

• Appearance and behaviour
• Speech characteristics
• Mood and affect
• Thought process and content
• Perception and hallucinations
• Cognition and sensorium
• Insight and judgment

Relationship To Central

Assessment tool - systematic evaluation of mental functioning

Concept

Philippine Legal & Regulatory Framework

Sub Concepts

• RA 11036 - Philippine Mental Health Act (2018)
• Rights-based approach
• Integration into primary care
• Philippine Council for Mental Health
• NCMH and crisis hotline
• RA 11223 - Universal Health Care Act

Relationship To Central

Governance - laws guiding mental health nursing practice

Concept

Nursing Management & Priorities

Sub Concepts

• Safety assessment (risk of harm)
• Establishing therapeutic trust
• Setting clear limits
• Maintaining therapeutic milieu
• Self-awareness of nurse
• Patient and family teaching

Relationship To Central

Clinical application - foundational nursing interventions

To

Influencing Factors (Biological, Psychological, Sociocultural)

From

Mental Health & Mental Illness Continuum

Strength

strong

Relationship

Factors determine where an individual sits on the mental health spectrum

To

Defense Mechanisms

From

Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory

Strength

strong

Relationship

Defense mechanisms are ego-based strategies for managing anxiety and conflict

To

Nursing Assessment & Intervention

From

Erikson's Psychosocial Theory

Strength

strong

Relationship

Identifies developmental tasks guiding age-appropriate nursing care

To

Psychiatric Assessment Process

From

Mental Status Examination

Strength

strong

Relationship

MSE is the systematic structured assessment tool for evaluating mental functioning

To

Mental Status Examination - Thought Content

From

Defense Mechanisms

Strength

moderate

Relationship

MSE assessment reveals the defense mechanisms client is employing

To

Nursing Management & Priorities

From

RA 11036 Philippine Mental Health Act

Strength

strong

Relationship

Legal framework mandates rights-based nursing care with specific protections

To

Suicidal Ideation Evaluation

From

Safety Assessment

Strength

strong

Relationship

Suicidal/homicidal risk is always assessed directly and prioritized above all other concerns

To

Establishing Trust

From

Therapeutic Relationship

Strength

strong

Relationship

Trust is the foundation of all therapeutic psychiatric nursing interventions

To

Nursing Prioritization

From

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Strength

moderate

Relationship

Guides priority setting from physiologic safety through self-actualization in psychiatric care

To

Mental Health Assessment & Education

From

Philippine Sociocultural Context

Strength

strong

Relationship

Extended family support and spiritual beliefs influence mental health expression and treatment seeking

To

Patient and Family Teaching

From

Stigma & Misconceptions

Strength

strong

Relationship

Nurses must counter beliefs that mental illness is weakness, moral failing, or spiritual curse

To

Community-Based Mental Health Services

From

NCMH Crisis Hotline

Strength

moderate

Relationship

Part of Philippines integrated mental health delivery system under RA 11036

To

Therapeutic Use of Self

From

Nursing Self-Awareness

Strength

strong

Relationship

Nurse's understanding of own feelings, values, and biases prevents interference in patient care

To

MSE Assessment Documentation

From

Thought Process vs Thought Content

Strength

strong

Relationship

Critical distinction: form of thinking (process) versus what is being thought (content)

To

Affect Observation

From

Mood Assessment

Strength

strong

Relationship

Mood is client-reported subjective feeling; affect is nurse-observed objective expression