Memory AnchorsGELE · Cadastral Surveys & Land LawsReal content

GELE Cadastral Surveys & Land Laws — Land Registration and Public Land LawsMemory Anchors

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Under the clock, Land Registration and Public Land Laws facts fade unless they have a hook. Mnemonics are the hook. This page collects the memory anchors that reliably work for Filipino GELE candidates on Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) — Board of Geodetic Engineering's Cadastral Surveys & Land Laws items — acronyms, visual pairings, and short rhymes you can rehearse on your commute.

Exam context

Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) — Board of Geodetic Engineering runs the Geodetic Engineer Licensure Examination on September 2026. Its Cadastral Surveys & Land Laws section sits under a "Core" weighting, and Land Registration and Public Land Laws is the 4th chapter in the 5-chapter GELE Cadastral Surveys & Land Laws rotation. The GELE passing mark is 70% weighted average, no sub-test below 50%, and the most recent 2026 paper drew about a meaningful share of questions from Cadastral Surveys & Land Laws.

Land Registration and Public Land Laws - Memory Anchors

Memory techniques transform dry legal statutes into vivid, retrievable mental structures. Instead of cramming PD 1529, CA 141, OCT, TCT, and agency names as isolated facts, you will anchor each concept to a story, image, or acronym that your brain can retrieve under exam pressure. Research shows that emotionally engaging, story-based encoding improves long-term recall by up to 60% compared to rote repetition. Use these anchors during your review: read the trigger, close your eyes, visualize the scene, then test yourself. By exam day, each legal concept will have a vivid mental 'hook' that pulls the answer up automatically.

Anchors

Topic

Torrens System / PD 1529

Concept

PD 1529 — Property Registration Decree (Torrens System governing law)

Anchor Id

Difficulty

easy

Memory Aid

Think: '1529 = ONE FIVE TWO NINE = Our Five-star Title, 2 Never fail, 9 guaranteed.' Better yet: PD 1529 sounds like '15 to 29' — imagine a student aged 15 studying until age 29 to get a PERMANENT, DEFINITE title to their dream house. The number 1529 = the year the Philippines was being 'discovered' — now fast-forward: in 1978, PD 1529 DISCOVERED the definitive Torrens title law. Also use the acronym PRD: P=Property, R=Registration, D=Decree → PD 1529 = PRD.

Anchor Type

acronym

Why It Works

Connecting the abstract decree number to a personal life-stage story creates an emotional anchor. The acronym PRD also gives a direct label link.

Example Usage

Board question: 'Which law governs the Torrens system?' → Recall PRD → PD 1529, the Property Registration Decree.

Recall Trigger

Think 'PRD' or 'permanent registration decree' whenever you see a certificate of title question.

Topic

Public Land Law / CA 141

Concept

CA 141 — Commonwealth Act No. 141, the Public Land Act

Anchor Id

Difficulty

easy

Memory Aid

CA 141 = 'Commonwealth Act, the ONE-FOR-ONE law.' Imagine the government and a farmer doing a handshake deal: '141 = 1 land + 4 modes (homestead, free patent, sales patent, judicial confirmation) + 1 condition (A&D only).' Also: CA 141 is the 'GATE' law — it is the gate through which State land passes to private hands. The number 141 = '1-4-1' = One law, Four modes, One condition (A&D). Visualize a gate with '1-4-1' painted on it.

Anchor Type

analogy

Why It Works

Breaking 141 into a formula (1-4-1) gives the number a meaningful structure that encodes the law's content simultaneously.

Example Usage

Board question: 'A farmer occupied A&D land for 30 years. Which law governs his application for title?' → Think 1-4-1 Gate → CA 141, Public Land Act.

Recall Trigger

Visualize the '141 GATE' — whenever you see public land titling, open that gate.

Topic

Torrens System

Concept

Torrens System — State-guaranteed, indefeasible title

Anchor Id

Difficulty

easy

Memory Aid

Imagine Señor TORRENS, a very stubborn and powerful barangay captain. Once he signs your ownership paper, nobody — not even your greedy neighbor — can challenge it. Señor Torrens says: 'My signature is the State's guarantee. It is IN-DE-FEAS-IBLE — meaning it CANNOT be defeated!' Picture Señor Torrens holding up a shield (the certificate of title) that deflects all arrows (legal challenges). After the registration period, that shield is permanent.

Anchor Type

micro_story

Why It Works

Personifying an abstract legal doctrine as a character (Señor Torrens) makes the concept emotionally real and easy to recall. The shield image encodes 'indefeasible' visually.

Example Usage

Exam asks: 'What is the nature of a Torrens title?' → Recall Señor Torrens's shield → State-guaranteed, indefeasible, conclusive evidence of ownership.

Recall Trigger

Picture Señor Torrens with his undefeatable shield.

Topic

Torrens System / Indefeasibility

Concept

Indefeasibility of Torrens Title — applies after the registration period, not to fraudulent titles

Anchor Id

Difficulty

medium

Memory Aid

Think of a concrete wall that needs 30 days to fully cure (harden). Before it hardens, you can still reshape it. After it hardens — nobody can break it. Similarly, Torrens indefeasibility 'cures' and becomes absolute AFTER the registration period. BUT — if the concrete was poured with dirty water (fraud), it is weak from the start and the law does not protect it. RULE: 'Hardened concrete = indefeasible; Dirty concrete = fraudulent, NOT protected.'

Anchor Type

analogy

Why It Works

The concrete curing analogy maps perfectly onto the two conditions for indefeasibility: time-based curing and the fraud exception. Civil engineering students will find this analogy natural.

Example Usage

Exam: 'Does indefeasibility protect a title obtained by fraud?' → Dirty concrete → No, fraud is the exception to indefeasibility.

Recall Trigger

Visualize curing concrete — hardened = indefeasible; dirty mix = fraud exception.

Topic

Public Land Law / A&D Classification

Concept

Alienable and Disposable (A&D) Land — only A&D land can be titled

Anchor Id

Difficulty

easy

Memory Aid

A&D = 'Available and Doable' for titling. Imagine a real estate agent holding a sign: 'A&D LAND — AVAILABLE FOR SALE AND DOABLE TO TITLE!' Contrast with forest, mineral, and protected land — those are 'NOT A&D = NOT Available, NOT Doable.' Shortcut: A&D = 'Alienable (can be sold/given away) and Disposable (the State can dispose of it).' If it's forest or mineral, the State keeps it — it's NOT A&D.

Anchor Type

acronym

Why It Works

Converting legal terms 'alienable and disposable' to everyday words 'available and doable' removes language barriers and makes the rule instantly applicable.

Example Usage

Exam: 'Can a forest land be titled under CA 141?' → Not A&D → No, only A&D land can be titled.

Recall Trigger

Real estate sign: 'A&D = Available and Doable.' Non-A&D lands stay with the State.

Topic

OCT / TCT

Concept

OCT vs TCT — Original vs Transfer Certificate of Title

Anchor Id

Difficulty

easy

Memory Aid

Think of a BIRTH CERTIFICATE vs a MARRIAGE CERTIFICATE. A Birth Certificate (OCT) is issued ONCE at the BEGINNING of life — it is the ORIGINAL document. When that person gets married and changes status, a new document (Marriage Cert = TCT) is issued for the TRANSFER of status. OCT = Baby (first registration). TCT = Transfer (every sale or transfer after). Memory hook: 'OCT = Origin, TCT = Transfer.' Also: O = One time only (first); T = Transfer (every subsequent change of ownership).

Anchor Type

analogy

Why It Works

The birth certificate vs marriage certificate analogy uses documents Filipinos interact with daily, making the distinction intuitive and concrete.

Example Usage

Exam: 'What certificate is issued when registered land is sold?' → Marriage cert analogy → TCT (Transfer Certificate of Title).

Recall Trigger

Baby's birth certificate = OCT (first); Marriage cert = TCT (transfer). O = Origin, T = Transfer.

Topic

LRA / Registry of Deeds

Concept

LRA (Land Registration Authority) — issues and maintains OCT/TCT

Anchor Id

Difficulty

easy

Memory Aid

Visualize the LRA as a giant FILING CABINET painted red, white, and blue (Philippine flag colors), sitting in the middle of Manila. Each drawer is labeled with a title number. The LRA KEEPS all titles safe. The Registry of Deeds is the LOCAL branch — it is the individual file folder inside that giant cabinet. Picture: LRA = National Cabinet; Registry of Deeds = Local Folder. LRA is the 'LAND RECORD ARCHIVE' — it registers, issues, and maintains titles.

Anchor Type

visual_association

Why It Works

The filing cabinet visual gives the abstract agency a concrete spatial image. The national vs local hierarchy (cabinet vs folder) encodes the institutional relationship.

Example Usage

Exam: 'Which agency issues certificates of title?' → Filing cabinet → LRA through the Registry of Deeds.

Recall Trigger

Giant red-white-blue filing cabinet = LRA. Local folder inside = Registry of Deeds.

Topic

DENR-LMB

Concept

DENR-LMB — approves land surveys and classifies A&D land

Anchor Id

Difficulty

easy

Memory Aid

Imagine a RANGER named DENR-LMB standing at the entrance of a forest. He holds two stamps: one green stamp says 'A&D APPROVED' (for open land) and one red stamp says 'PROTECTED — NO TITLE.' Before any surveyor can register land, they must first get DENR-LMB's green stamp on their survey plan. Without it, the LRA won't even look at the application. Story: 'You cannot enter the LRA without first passing through Ranger DENR-LMB's checkpoint.' DENR = Department of Environment and Natural Resources; LMB = Land Management Bureau.

Anchor Type

micro_story

Why It Works

The checkpoint/ranger story encodes the prerequisite relationship between DENR-LMB approval and LRA registration in a narrative sequence.

Example Usage

Exam: 'Which agency approves land surveys before registration?' → Ranger checkpoint → DENR-Land Management Bureau.

Recall Trigger

Ranger DENR-LMB at the checkpoint — no green stamp, no LRA registration.

Topic

CA 141 / Public Land Disposition Modes

Concept

Four Modes of Public Land Disposition under CA 141

Anchor Id

Difficulty

medium

Memory Aid

Acronym: 'HFSJ' — 'Hukay Farmer, Sige Judicial' (Philippine-style reminder): H = Homestead Patent, F = Free Patent, S = Sales Patent, J = Judicial Confirmation of Imperfect Title. Full sentence: 'Happy Farmers Sell Judiciously.' H=Homestead (farming settlement), F=Free Patent (long occupancy, admin), S=Sales Patent (purchased from govt), J=Judicial (court confirmation). Another version: 'Hacienda For Sale, Judge!'

Anchor Type

mnemonic

Why It Works

The four modes are a classic exam list. Chunking them into a memorable sentence (HFSJ = Happy Farmers Sell Judiciously) allows students to reconstruct the full list from a single trigger word.

Example Usage

Exam: 'Enumerate the modes of public land disposition under CA 141.' → HFSJ → Homestead, Free Patent, Sales Patent, Judicial Confirmation.

Recall Trigger

Say 'Happy Farmers Sell Judiciously' — each word's first letter = one mode.

Topic

Survey Prerequisites / Registration Process

Concept

Survey Plan + Technical Description = Prerequisites to Registration

Anchor Id

A10

Difficulty

easy

Memory Aid

Think of building a house: before you get a building PERMIT (= Certificate of Title), you must first submit ARCHITECTURAL PLANS (= Survey Plan) and SPECIFICATIONS (= Technical Description). No plans = No permit. Similarly: No DENR-approved Survey Plan + Technical Description = No registration at LRA. The survey is the 'blueprint' of the land; the technical description is the 'specs.' Without the blueprint and specs, you cannot register.

Anchor Type

analogy

Why It Works

Engineering students are very familiar with the plan-and-specs prerequisite for permits. This maps directly onto the survey plan + technical description prerequisite for land registration.

Example Usage

Exam: 'What documents must precede land registration?' → Blueprint analogy → Approved survey plan and technical description.

Recall Trigger

Building permit analogy — blueprint (survey plan) + specs (technical description) = prerequisites.

Topic

CA 141 / Homestead Patent

Concept

Homestead Patent — Mode of public land disposition for agricultural settlers

Anchor Id

A11

Difficulty

medium

Memory Aid

Imagine LOLO PEDRO, a poor farmer who moved to Mindanao in the 1950s, cleared the forest, built a nipa hut, and farmed the land for years. The government rewarded his hard work with a HOMESTEAD PATENT — a free title for cultivating public agricultural land. 'Home + Stead = your HOME on a STEADY piece of land.' Key conditions: the applicant must be a Filipino citizen, must cultivate and improve the land, and must reside on it. Lolo Pedro earned his home by STAYING and FARMING.

Anchor Type

micro_story

Why It Works

A familiar Filipino ancestral story (Lolo farming public land in the provinces) makes the legal conditions emotionally resonant and contextually real.

Example Usage

Exam: 'What mode of public land acquisition rewards agricultural settlers who cultivate public land?' → Lolo Pedro → Homestead Patent under CA 141.

Recall Trigger

Lolo Pedro's nipa hut on cleared public land = Homestead Patent.

Topic

CA 141 / Free Patent

Concept

Free Patent — Administrative titling for long-term occupants of A&D land

Anchor Id

A12

Difficulty

medium

Memory Aid

Rhyme: 'FREE PATENT is free for you and me — if you've lived on A&D land, long enough to see!' Free Patent = administrative (not court) process; the land is 'freely' given by the DENR to long-term occupants of A&D land who meet the required years of occupancy. It is the most COMMON mode in the Philippines today. Remember: FREE = no purchase price; PATENT = government grant. 'Free as in FREE DEED — already yours if you stayed long enough!'

Anchor Type

rhyme

Why It Works

Rhyming the concept name with its key condition (long-term occupancy) creates a phonetic memory hook. Noting it as the most common mode flags its exam importance.

Example Usage

Exam: 'What is the most common administrative mode of titling public land?' → Free rhyme → Free Patent under CA 141.

Recall Trigger

Rhyme: 'Free Patent is free for you and me — live on A&D land long enough to see!'

Topic

RA 8560 / RA 4374

Concept

RA 8560 — Geodetic Engineers Act; RA 4374 — Land Registration Law amendments

Anchor Id

A13

Difficulty

medium

Memory Aid

Chunk the law numbers with their subjects: RA 8560 = 'Eight-Five-Six-Zero = Eight-Five GO Geodetic!' The number 8560 contains '85' and '60' — think: '85% of what geodetic engineers do is survey, 60% of that involves land.' So RA 8560 = the GE law. For RA 4374 = '4374 = Four-Three-Seven-Four = For Three Seven Four (registration reform)' — it relates to land registration amendments. Quick pair: 8560=GE Act; 4374=Land Registration (amendment).

Anchor Type

chunking

Why It Works

Phonetic chunking of number sequences (8-5-6-0 = '85 GO Geodetic') gives meaningless digits a memorable sound pattern linked to the subject matter.

Example Usage

Exam: 'Which RA governs the practice of geodetic engineering in the Philippines?' → 85 GO Geodetic → RA 8560.

Recall Trigger

'85 GO Geodetic' = RA 8560; '4374 = registration reform' = RA 4374.

Topic

PD 1529 / Act 496

Concept

PD 1529 consolidated Act 496 (Land Registration Act)

Anchor Id

A14

Difficulty

medium

Memory Aid

Imagine ACT 496 as an OLD BARANGAY CHARTER from the 1900s — it worked well but became outdated. In 1978, President Marcos issued PD 1529 as a REVISED BARANGAY CODE that replaced and superseded Act 496. PD 1529 = the updated, consolidated version of Act 496. Think: Act 496 is the 'grandfather law'; PD 1529 is the 'grandchild law' that replaced it. Always cite PD 1529 (not Act 496) in modern exam answers.

Anchor Type

analogy

Why It Works

The grandparent-to-grandchild evolution analogy encodes the historical succession relationship between the two laws clearly and memorably.

Example Usage

Exam: 'PD 1529 consolidated which earlier law?' → Grandfather law → Act 496 (Land Registration Act).

Recall Trigger

Old grandfather law (Act 496) replaced by grandchild law (PD 1529) in 1978.

Topic

CA 141 / Judicial Confirmation

Concept

Judicial Confirmation of Imperfect Title — court process to formalize long-standing private possession

Anchor Id

A15

Difficulty

hard

Memory Aid

Imagine ALING NENA whose family has farmed the same plot since her great-grandmother's time — 80 years! She has no formal title, only old tax receipts and neighbors' affidavits. She goes to court and says: 'Your Honor, this land has always been ours. Please CONFIRM what we already have.' The judge, convinced by evidence of long possession, issues an order: JUDICIAL CONFIRMATION of her imperfect title. Key: she already had 'imperfect' possession; the court just made it 'perfect' (legally complete). The land must be A&D.

Anchor Type

micro_story

Why It Works

The Aling Nena story reflects a realistic Filipino land situation, making the legal process tangible. The 'imperfect → perfect' word play also encodes the legal logic.

Example Usage

Exam: 'A family has possessed A&D land for generations without title. What CA 141 mode applies?' → Aling Nena story → Judicial Confirmation of Imperfect Title.

Recall Trigger

Aling Nena asking the judge to 'confirm what we already have' = Judicial Confirmation of Imperfect Title.

Topic

CA 141 / Sales Patent

Concept

Sales Patent — public land acquired through purchase from the government

Anchor Id

A16

Difficulty

medium

Memory Aid

Visualize a SARI-SARI STORE with a sign: 'GOVERNMENT LAND FOR SALE — Apply at DENR!' The customer (applicant) BUYS the land at a government-set price, gets a SALES PATENT (a government receipt that becomes a title). Unlike Free Patent (free/no payment), Sales Patent = you PAY the government. Picture the cash register ringing when the Sales Patent is issued. 'SALE = you pay; FREE = you don't pay.' The cash register sound = Sales Patent trigger.

Anchor Type

visual_association

Why It Works

The sari-sari store visual and cash register sound create a multi-sensory memory anchor. The contrast with Free Patent reinforces both concepts simultaneously.

Example Usage

Exam: 'Which mode of CA 141 requires payment of purchase price to the government?' → Cash register → Sales Patent.

Recall Trigger

Cash register ringing at a government land sale = Sales Patent.

Topic

LRA / Registry of Deeds

Concept

Registry of Deeds — local office that physically issues and keeps titles

Anchor Id

A17

Difficulty

easy

Memory Aid

Think of the LRA as the CENTRAL BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES — it sets policy and maintains the system. The Registry of Deeds is like a LOCAL RURAL BANK BRANCH — it physically handles your transactions (deposits = title registrations; withdrawals = title transfers). Every province and city has its own Registry of Deeds, just as every town has a rural bank branch. You do NOT go to the Central Bank for your daily transactions — you go to the branch (Registry of Deeds).

Anchor Type

analogy

Why It Works

The central bank vs local branch analogy clearly encodes the hierarchical and functional relationship between LRA and Registry of Deeds using a familiar financial institution model.

Example Usage

Exam: 'Where does a property buyer go to register the Transfer Certificate of Title?' → Local bank branch → Registry of Deeds.

Recall Trigger

LRA = Central Bank; Registry of Deeds = Local Bank Branch.

Topic

A&D Classification / Non-Titleable Land

Concept

Forest, Mineral, and Protected Lands — cannot be titled; remain State property

Anchor Id

A18

Difficulty

easy

Memory Aid

Remember: 'FMP = Forever Mine, Period!' F = Forest, M = Mineral, P = Protected — these three categories are FOREVER the State's, PERIOD. No titling, no CA 141 modes, no Torrens registration. If a board question involves forest, mineral, or protected land → STOP → the answer is always 'cannot be titled.' Alternatively: 'FMP = Full Government Property.' Any land in FMP category: the State does NOT let go.

Anchor Type

mnemonic

Why It Works

The 'FMP = Forever Mine, Period' acronym gives students a decisive stop-rule for exam questions, preventing the common error of applying CA 141 to non-A&D land.

Example Usage

Exam: 'Can mineral land be titled under CA 141?' → FMP → No. Mineral land is not A&D; it cannot be titled.

Recall Trigger

FMP = Forever Mine Period (State keeps it). Non-FMP = A&D = can be titled.

Topic

Tax Declaration vs Title

Concept

Tax Declaration — not proof of ownership; only evidence of possession/assessment

Anchor Id

A19

Difficulty

medium

Memory Aid

Imagine MANG TASYO who proudly shows his tax declaration to prove he owns a lot. His lawyer shakes her head: 'Mang Tasyo, paying taxes does NOT make you the owner — it just proves you possess and maintain the land. The TITLE is the proof of ownership, not the tax receipt.' Tax declaration = receipt of bus fare (you paid for the ride, but you don't OWN the bus). Title = your deed of ownership of the bus. Common board trap: confusing tax declaration with proof of ownership.

Anchor Type

micro_story

Why It Works

The Mang Tasyo story addresses a common Filipino misconception (tax payment = ownership) in a relatable narrative. The bus fare analogy provides a concrete distinction.

Example Usage

Exam: 'Is a tax declaration proof of land ownership?' → Mang Tasyo → No; it is only evidence of possession/assessment, not ownership.

Recall Trigger

Mang Tasyo's tax declaration = bus fare receipt (not ownership). Title = bus ownership deed.

Topic

Regalian Doctrine

Concept

Regalian Doctrine — all lands belong to the State; private title must be proven

Anchor Id

A20

Difficulty

medium

Memory Aid

REGALIAN = REGAL = ROYAL. Picture the King (the Philippine State) sitting on a throne with ALL the land of the Philippines spread before him like a map. Every private landowner must approach the King with PROOF (survey, title, patent) to show the King gave them that piece. Without proof, the King takes it back. 'REGALIAN = The King owns everything — prove the King gave it to you, or it stays with the King.' This is the fundamental doctrine underlying CA 141 and PD 1529.

Anchor Type

visual_association

Why It Works

The royal/king visual encodes the word 'Regalian' (from Latin regalis = royal) through its etymology, creating both a linguistic and visual memory hook simultaneously.

Example Usage

Exam: 'What doctrine holds that all lands of the public domain belong to the State?' → King on throne → Regalian Doctrine.

Recall Trigger

King on throne = Regalian Doctrine. All land is the King's (State's) until proven otherwise.

Revision Game

PD 1529 — Property Registration Decree

Clue

I am the law that gave the Philippines the Torrens system in 1978. My number has 4 digits. What am I?

Memory Link

Anchor A1 — PRD acronym and '15 to 29' student story

CA 141 — Commonwealth Act No. 141 (Public Land Act)

Clue

I am the GATE through which public land passes to private hands. My number is 1-4-1. Four modes pass through me. What am I?

Memory Link

Anchor A2 — the 141 Gate with 1-4-1 structure

Indefeasibility of Torrens Title (PD 1529)

Clue

I am Señor Torrens's SHIELD. Once I am issued and the registration period passes, no one can defeat me — unless fraud was involved. What property do I represent?

Memory Link

Anchor A3 and A4 — Señor Torrens's shield and curing concrete analogy

Homestead Patent, Free Patent, Sales Patent, Judicial Confirmation — four modes of CA 141

Clue

Happy Farmers Sell Judiciously. I am remembering FOUR things. What are they?

Memory Link

Anchor A9 — HFSJ mnemonic: Happy Farmers Sell Judiciously

OCT — Original Certificate of Title

Clue

I am the BABY title — issued once, at the very beginning, when land is first registered. My Transfer sibling comes after every sale. What am I?

Memory Link

Anchor A6 — birth certificate (OCT) vs marriage certificate (TCT) analogy

Forest, Mineral, and Protected Areas — non-A&D land that cannot be titled

Clue

FMP. I am three types of land that say FOREVER MINE, PERIOD to the State. No CA 141 mode can title me. What are my three types?

Memory Link

Anchor A18 — FMP = Forever Mine, Period mnemonic

DENR-Land Management Bureau: (1) approves survey plans and (2) classifies alienable & disposable land

Clue

I am Ranger DENR-LMB standing at the checkpoint before the LRA. You cannot register land without my green stamp. What two things do I do?

Memory Link

Anchor A8 — Ranger DENR-LMB checkpoint story

Tax Declaration — evidence of possession/assessment, NOT proof of ownership

Clue

Mang Tasyo shows me proudly as proof he owns his lot. But his lawyer says I prove only possession, not ownership. What am I?

Memory Link

Anchor A19 — Mang Tasyo's tax declaration = bus fare receipt story

For any board question asking about the step-by-step process of original land registration under PD 1529.

What Each Part Means

Survey = ground measurement; DENR-LMB Approval = plan verification and A&D confirmation; Application = petition filed with LRA or court; Notice & Publication = public notice (30 days in newspaper); Hearing = court/LRA evaluation; Decree = order of registration; OCT = Original Certificate of Title issued.

PD 1529 — Property Registration Decree (Torrens system, 1978)
CA 141 — Public Land Act (1936)
RA 8560 — Geodetic Engineers Act (practice of geodetic engineering)
RA 4374 — Land Registration Law (amendments)
Act 496 — Original Land Registration Act (superseded by PD 1529)

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GELE Cadastral Surveys & Land Laws — Land Registration and Public Land LawsMemory Anchors

Exam context

Land Registration and Public Land Laws - Memory Anchors

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